Farmer Guides

Planting and Management

Assessing the Site (Video)

A survey of some typical farm terrain and demonstration of how to position space-planted poles according to factors such as geology, terrain, soil depth, natural drainage and existing access routes. 

NZ Poplar & Willow Research Trust: http://www.poplarandwillow.org.nz/library/planting-poplars-willows-assessing-the-site

Choosing the Best Poles (Video)

Covers what is a suitable pole, (straight with bottom diameter of ~65mm and top diameter of ~45mm), where poles can be sourced, how poles should be stored and soaked before planting.

NZ Poplar & Willow Research Trust: http://www.poplarandwillow.org.nz/library/planting-poplars-willows-choosing-the-best-poles

Successful Planting (Video)

Pole planting using a) pole rammer and b) augur. Demonstrates slicing a point on the pole, marking the depth on the pole, making the hole, planting, putting on a protective sleeve, ramming the pole tight if needed.

NZ Poplar & Willow Research Trust: http://www.poplarandwillow.org.nz/library/planting-poplars-willows-successful-planting

Re-Ramming Recently Planted Poles (Video)

Poplar poles sometimes require re-ramming as the summer progresses after recent planting. Re-ramming helps secure the pole and enhance root contact with the soil.

NZ Poplar & Willow Research Trust: http://www.poplarandwillow.org.nz/library/re-ramming-recently-planted-poles

Form-Pruning Poplars (Video)

Poplars should be form-pruned. Single stems are healthier with greater longevity, allow for better pasture growth and are more likely to produce millable logs.

NZ Poplar & Willow Research Trust: http://www.poplarandwillow.org.nz/library/form-pruning-poles

High-Pruning Poplars (Video)

Poplars may benefit from high pruning to increase their health and longevity, encourage pasture growth and to produce millable logs.

NZ Poplar & Willow Research Trust: http://www.poplarandwillow.org.nz/library/high-pruning-poplars

Pollarding Willows from Within the Tree (Video)

Pollarding willows is useful to manage tree size when producing fodder for stock and producing planting poles. Safety is a key issue.

NZ Poplar & Willow Research Trust: http://www.poplarandwillow.org.nz/library/pollarding-willows-from-within-the-tree

Pollarding Willows from a Tractor Mounted Box (Video)

A tractor mounted bin is a useful way to quickly and easy way to pollard willows on the farm, particularly in flat to easy country. Safety is paramount.

NZ Poplar & Willow Research Trust: http://www.poplarandwillow.org.nz/library/pollarding-willows-from-a-tractor-mounted-box

Trees for the farm – On Farm Establishment of Poplars and Willows

Where to plant, what tree and how to manage them are critical factors in the success of poplar and willow establishment.

NZ Poplar & Willow Research Trust: http://www.poplarandwillow.org.nz/library/trees-for-the-farm

Where to Buy Poles

Links to all Regional Council Nurseries setting out contact details and varieties for sale

NZ Poplar & Willow Research Trust: http://www.poplarandwillow.org.nz/nurseries

Growing Poplars and Willows – Planting Poles and Aftercare

  • Your regional council can provide free advice and in some cases may provide financial assistance
  • The best months to plant are in the winter months; June -  August 
  • Selecting the best tree for the situation is critical for success
  • Using a sleeve improves the survival rate Plant deep - at least 60-70cm
  • Ensure the protectors stay in place
  • Keep the pole tight - if it is loose, roots will break and the pole will die
  • Remove dead material - look after your investment

Horizons Regional Council: https://www.horizons.govt.nz/HRC/media/Media/Land/Growing-poplars-info-sheet-2014.pdf

How to care for Poplar and Willow poles

  • Soak poles
  • Never plant without soaking
  • Plant as soon as possible after soaking
  • Look after the trees when planted

Hawke's Bay Regional Council: http://www.hbrc.govt.nz/assets/Document-Library/Information-Sheets/Land/LM-CT-11-Poplar.pdf

Planting Poles

  • Ensure poles are planted where they will grow - moist areas
  • Plant deep - at least 60-70cm
  • Ensure the protectors stay in place
  • Keep the pole tight - if it is loose, roots will break and the pole will die
  • Remove dead material - look after your investment

Hawke's Bay Regional Council: http://www.hbrc.govt.nz/assets/Document-Library/Information-Sheets/Land/ET-CT10-Willows-Poplars-June2010.pdf

Pruning and Thinning Poplar and Willow Poles

  • Poplar and willow trees need regular maintenance if they are to provide soil conservation benefits long term without becoming a nuisance.  
  • High stocking, required initially for protection may result in a thick forest or poorly formed trees.  
  • Suitably timed pruning and thinning is important.

Hawke's Bay Regional Council: http://www.hbrc.govt.nz/assets/Document-Library/Information-Sheets/Land/LM-CT-14-Pruning.pdf

Pole Planting Maintenance

  • To get the full benefits from planting poplar and willow poles, they are likely to require re-ramming following planting, form pruning, animal pest control and possibly blanking.  
  • Cattle, goats and horses should be excluded, for at least a period.

Taranaki Regional Council: https://trc.govt.nz/assets/Documents/Guidelines/Land-infosheets/34poleplantingmaintenance.pdf

FAQ’s about Planting Poles

An easily accessible list of FAQ’s that mainly covers points made in the above publications but introduces some others such as where to get advice on purchasing a pole rammer

NZ Poplar & Willow Research Trust: http://www.poplarandwillow.org.nz/faq